Blogs » Politics » China’s Singular Sexual Revolution
Blogs » Politics » China’s Singular Sexual Revolution |
- China’s Singular Sexual Revolution
- Why the JCCT Meeting in Beijing is a Non-story
- Fast Food MNCs Getting Clobbered by China Daily Today
- China’s Positive Spin on Africa
- Lu Jiali voted as the prettiest mistress by web users
- Netters Speak Up Against Media Narrative On “Chinese iPhone Shopper Tasered” Story
- The Candid Camera: Only in China
- Cadres and Evangelists
- Ministry of Truth: The “Almighty God Cult”
- Photo: Winter Ginger, by Mark Hobbs
- How to Fight China’s Corruption Cancer
- The Song of Song: Death of a Revolutionary
- Man attacks women on subway for love failure
- Gross! Student spots condom in food at school canteen
- Word of the Week: National Treasure
- The Real Danger in China’s Mines
- Ministry of Truth: Economics and Affairs
- China:10 Best Weibo Stories of 2012
- Ministry of Truth: Less Bad Reporting on Liquor
- Censorship Vault: Say No to “True Story of Foxconn Coming to Shenzhen”
| China’s Singular Sexual Revolution Posted: 19 Dec 2012 11:24 PM PST In Behind the Red Door, Richard Burger examines various aspects of sex in China, both throughout history and in the resurgence of sexual freedom currently underway. From Mara Hvistendahl at Los Angeles Review of Books:
See also Evan Osnos' brave examination of China's recent string of political sex scandals, via CDT. © Mengyu Dong for China Digital Times (CDT), 2012. | Permalink | No comment | Add to del.icio.us  |
| Why the JCCT Meeting in Beijing is a Non-story Posted: 19 Dec 2012 10:54 PM PST I've had a couple of people ask me about the current U.S.-China bilateral meeting, which is part of the U.S-China Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade (JCCT) framework. Not much to say, really. The following quote in Reuters is indicative of the type of progress that is expected this time around:
Yeah, don't expect too much this week in terms of "deliverables." Maybe China will announce the purchase of a few planes or something, and perhaps some sort of technical cooperation on some obscure field of endeavor can be touted, but nothing big is going to happen. I hope you aren't disappointed. Some commentators speculated that the U.S.-China relationship would find its groove once again after the nonsense of the U.S. election was behind us and China took care of its own succession issues. Both events went down more or less smoothly, and I would still hope that the bilateral relationship can now begin to settle down. But let's be realistic. These monumental political events just took place. For new President Xi, he is still in a consolidation phase, and one has to assume that his attention is focused on internal political maneuvering. For President Obama, he has the dreaded "fiscal cliff" to navigate and has not even announced his second-term cabinet reshuffling. So much to do in the early days for both of these guys, and the holidays make all of this even more difficult. This isn't to say that there aren't important bilateral issues to deal with. Of course there are. But let's face it, a lot of the top agenda items are not exactly time sensitive. Take a look at the list Reuters came up with and tell me if anything there is not at least several years old:
IP, technology, market access, anti-dumping, and export restrictions — we're talking about bilateral frictions that are at least a decade old. If Reuters is saying that these are the topics that will dominate the discussion at the JCCT meeting, that's just another way of saying that nothing much is going on and each side will revert to the Powerpoint presentations that were put together when China joined the WTO. I'm going back to sleep. Call me when something happens. © Stan for China Hearsay, 2012. | Permalink | No comment | Add to del.icio.us |
| Fast Food MNCs Getting Clobbered by China Daily Today Posted: 19 Dec 2012 10:23 PM PST It's not exactly breaking news to say that multinationals/foreign companies have it tough in China. Seems like every other day I'm writing something about a new investigation, enforcement campaign, or dispute involving a foreign firm here. Some times the criticism turns out to be fair, and other times the rumors are unfounded. Occasionally there are witch hunts, where the media (often, but not always State media) piles on with inflammatory rhetoric, assuming the worst of multinationals and their business practices. Recently we saw a series of reports about Nike and its "double standard" with respect to product quality, and the retailer Carrefour has had its share of problems as well.
The latest fun and games is courtesy of China Central Television, which this week did an investigative piece on chicken farmers:
The topic is certainly fair game and quite relevant to most folks here who worry about food safety. KFC and McDonald's, which haven't purchased chicken from these guys for months, promptly issued the usual statements about food safety and promised full cooperation with the authorities. The Shanghai authorities are now conducting an investigation. However, in the two days following that CCTV report, some follow-up pieces in China's print media seem to be focused not on the farmers or their customers as a whole, but rather on KFC and McDonald's. I suppose that one could justify this attention in light of the sheer size of these two fast food franchises. KFC and McDonald's do a huge business in China and may totally overshadow other customers of these Shandong farmers. It's much more difficult to explain why China Daily just hours ago sent out one of their usual RSS feed dumps that included the following articles: Some foreign fast food is harder to swallow (2011-08-15) That's a partial list. Apparently some editor over at China Daily thinks that folks interested in the current Shandong farmer story also need to be reminded about McDonald's pricing changes from earlier this year and old allegations about KFC's packaging practices. Nice, huh? My favorite one is from August of last year and is entitled "Multinational firms' tricks." The content is pretty much what you'd expect: a consumer protection story that devotes itself exclusively to the ways that MNCs screw over Chinese shoppers. Why is all this worth mentioning? It all comes down to branding, PR, social media and reputation. It doesn't take much media attention to tarnish the image of a brand these days, particularly when it comes to food. This news item from the Financial Times on this latest food scare is in no way surprising:
I suppose the lesson here for MNCs is not merely to maintain high quality standards in China but to keep an eye on media management. These guys have extensive story archives, which can be dredged up and sent off through the Intertubes on a whim. Scary stuff. © Stan for China Hearsay, 2012. | Permalink | No comment | Add to del.icio.us |
| China’s Positive Spin on Africa Posted: 19 Dec 2012 10:39 PM PST Last week, the English-language China Daily newspaper launched its Africa edition in order to break a perceived western monopoly in Africa-related journalism. From Harry Verhoeven and Iginio Gagliardone at CNN:
As the article notes, China Central Television has also been moving into Africa. At Foreign Policy last month, Alex Pasternack examined the network's parallel efforts to gain a foothold in the United States. Observers have been divided over the effectiveness of this state media expansion. See also more on Sino-African relations via CDT. © Mengyu Dong for China Digital Times (CDT), 2012. | Permalink | One comment | Add to del.icio.us  |
| Lu Jiali voted as the prettiest mistress by web users Posted: 19 Dec 2012 02:23 PM PST
Remember an allegation online that 95% of corrupt Chinese officials investigated had at least a mistress? When the corrupt official's ill gotten gains grow to an extend, possibly only sex can be used to bribe them. Currently, the topic of mistresses as an "anti-corruption tool" has been re-picked by the public, and "who is the prettiest mistress to the corrupt officials" has been voted online too, after Lei Zhengfu (雷政富), a former boss of Chongqing's Beibei District, was fired from his position when a leaked sex tape went viral online showing him having sex with an 18-year old mistress.
Lu Jiali (卢嘉丽), a Jiangsu-born model, takes the crown as the prettiest mistress. Reportedly, Lu had become a mistress to several Party members from 2002 to 2006, and gained a large sum of money from her employer. She fled the country in 2006, after the matter came to light. The 36-year-old model was hired by businessman Zhang Rongkun in 2002 to sleep with Zhu Junyi the first time, who was a senior Party member in charge of Shanghai social security fund, in exchange for the help that Zhang can secretly "borrowed" money from Shanghai social security fund for his business. Since then, Zhang Rongkun's personal fortune had increased so quickly, that he was ever ranked No. 48 in a list for richest Chinese in 2005. Lu also pocketed tens of millions of yuan from her job as a mistress to Zhu Junyi. In order to extend her relationship network, Lu Jiali also opened a model agency, pimping models and actresses to powerful officials. She had rented two presidential suites in a luxury hotel in Shanghai especially for these officials to have their sexy orgies there. Lu Jiali is a smart woman. Every time when she had sex with the officials, she secretly taped the sexual encounters to keep as an evidence. Such an atrocious sexual bribe scandal did not surface until 2006 when Lu offered sexual favors to a former Shanghai senior official with an actress in Paris, which was exposed by a local newspaper. Zhang Rongkun was thus investigated too. Lu fled the country, and left the sex tapes to Zhang in a hope to help him seek for a lighter punishment. In late 2006, when former Director of the National Bureau of Statistics Qiu Xiaohua was investigated, it was found Qiu was also among those corrupt officials who had been bribed by the wanted fugitive with sex. |
| Netters Speak Up Against Media Narrative On “Chinese iPhone Shopper Tasered” Story Posted: 19 Dec 2012 10:13 PM PST [This is a follow-up to DeWang's Chinese iPhone shopper tasered and tackled story] So being a repeat customer of Apple, or going to Apple Store to pick up products you already paid for online, may be dangerous to your health? Perhaps only if you are Chinese like Ms. Li, and don't expect to receive much sympathy from the media. The news coverage this poor woman received so far is decidedly biased. Many sensationalized Nashua police department's announcement she had $16,000 on her, in order to make the "black market scalper" smear stick. Fox News even gone as far as questioning if the woman was stealing American technology for China (note to Cavuto, these iPhones are made in China, and are available for sale in China.) However, one can take comfort in the fact netters around the world have responded very differently than our supposedly impartial media. Here are some reader comments around the world, in defense of Ms. Li:
[Note: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bfVQaabWeuw]
Here are some comments form Chinese netters:
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| The Candid Camera: Only in China Posted: 19 Dec 2012 07:19 AM PST Olympus Tough TG-1 12MP 3X Optical Zoom Silver Digital Camera (Google Affiliate Ad)  You might have thought that you miss-typed a few letters and stumped upon a porn site, like the long-gone whitehouse.org, when you log on the official website of National Land Bureau in Xingguo County of Guangxi, because all faces of senior officials of the Bureau had been mosaic-ed. It's a security feature, explained Mr. Tang, the Communist Disciplinary Committee Chief, told a reporter. A few months ago, almost all officials received 'Photoshop-ed' pictures depicting them with unknown women, naked. With the letter, there is a note demanding a large amount of money for silence. Because they honestly did not remember how many women they had had, many wired the money. As a precaution, their faces were technically scrambled, said Mr. Tang. The corruption is so prevailing among officials nowadays such that officials have become victims of random targeting. Some criminals sent spam messages to officials with one line words: wire $$$ to this account otherwise we will expose your crime. Many followed just in case.  The picture on the left were taken by a person passing by. It happened to be one day before the boys were found dead in a garbage container on the street. It is believed to be the last picture of these boys, possibly the only picture in their lives. Nov 16, 2012, Bijie of Guizhou Province, five children cuddled in a garbage container to keep warm. All five were found dead the next morning. Aged from 5 to 10, the kids had been wandering on the streets for months according to residents nearby. When a former reporter broke the story online at Kaidi Community, the entire country were shocked and saddened by the modern Little Match Boys. Beijie Police acted quickly to arrest the reporter Mr. Li Yuanlong and pressed criminal charges for revealing the death of kids. Li was sentenced to jail for 2 years in 2005 for similar offense, and has been jobless. Li's son, now studying in Canada, said the family was proud of Li. Facing online pressure, police allowed Li back home in early morning on Nov 25. Li wrote in Weibo, 'Gloria in excelsis Deo.'  Chinese netizens banged on their keyboards demanding heads roll. The government and the Party listened. This morning, residents noticed new slogan was painted on garbage containers on streets. It now reads (the red Chinese characters beneath the large openings): 'HUMAN OR ANIMAL STRICTLY FORBIDDEN. ENTER AT YOUR OWN RISK.' Four years ago in Guiyang, the capital city of Guizhou Province, three little girls were actually caught on camera warming themselves with a box of matches.  |
| Posted: 19 Dec 2012 05:32 PM PST Yesterday I read about a recently leaked government directive from 2011 concisely titled "Suggestions for doing a good job of resisting foreign use of religion to infiltrate institutes of higher education and to prevent campus evangelism." Washington Post did a great piece on the directive and the context, but I'd recommend also reading the full document. Basically, the government is concerned about Christian missionaries evangelizing on Chinese college campuses. "Foreign hostile forces have put even greater emphasis on using religion to infiltrate China to carry out their political plot to westernize and divide China," the document says. "Under the guise of donating funds for education, academic exchanges, studying and teaching in China, extracurricular activities, training, student aid, etc., they 'market' their political ideas and values, roping students into becoming religious believers." In a nutshell, the second part of that statement is fairly accurate, and the first part is fairly scary. A few months ago I did a piece on foreign evangelists who use English teaching as a means to enter China and proselytize. While researching, I spoke with nearly three dozen people including missionaries, their co-workers and students. I'd also previously encountered these kinds of evangelists personally while teaching. As the document suggests, there are indeed thousands of these people in China; many of whom conduct activities that would raise legal issues even in Western democracies. I heard stories of teachers requiring students to attend Bible studies in order to pass their class. Many used Christian teaching materials and held English classes based on Biblical themes. I even heard about a teacher requiring his students to put on a play about the seven deadly sins that featured Jesus lugging a crucifix. But a few things jumped out at me from this document. The first was how the government still fundamentally misunderstands what motivates Christian missionaries. To some degree, this is understandable. Chinese officials tend to be pragmatic worldly people with little exposure to religion. The idea that someone would spend so much time and resources changing others' beliefs for no tangible reason makes no sense. That these missionaries feel duty-bound to a supernatural deity and believe they're literally saving their converts just doesn't register. Clearly, there must be some devious political agenda beneath that pious surface. There are indeed those like Bob Fu who have explicit regime-change goals, but they seem to be a small minority. Most seem to consciously avoid even mentioning politics. They may expend disproportionate effort on students with political ambitions, but this is more in hopes of getting religious policy relaxed, not overthrowing the entire system. The second thing that jumped out was how the government still so fundamentally misunderstands youth that might be inclined to convert. The document gives prescriptions for dealing with them, saying: "Adhere to using the theory of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics to arm students' minds. Extensively launch activities for the study, teaching, publicizing and popularization of core socialist values. Strengthen propaganda for and education in Marxist views on religion, the Party's principles and policies for education work, and the relevant laws and regulations of the state." If you're a standard human, you probably barely made it through that paragraph without falling asleep. And that's just a small taste of the years of Marxist and political education Chinese students are required to take. The thing is, many of the young Christian converts I spoke to specifically cited the emphasis on empty Marxist dogma as something that pushed them to explore religion. So using Marxism to combat evangelism is like using a Ben Stein lecture to convince a kid he should go to school instead of play video games. But for all the document got wrong about motivations, it did seem to have a firm grasp on the methods missionaries tend to use and where universities go wrong. It tells schools to offer intriguing activities for students and provide mental health services. It says advisors should hold "extensive heart-to-heart talks" with students, help "guide their emotions" and "dispel confusion." By doing these things, they won't be so inclined to "cozy up" to foreign missionaries (who tend to be much better at offering emotional and academic support than the schools). It then goes on to suggest strategically planning recreational and academic events during religious holidays. Indeed, Christmas and Easter are high season for conversion. Christmas is a perfect opportunity to talk Jesus. And in one case I found, a foreign teacher invited students over to watch an "Easter movie" that turned out to be The Passion of Christ. It warns of academic exchanges organized by Christian groups. Some of these are set up to get Chinese students overseas for conversion, then returned to spread the gospel at home. Meanwhile, foreign missionary students are the exchanges that come to Chinese schools. After previously thinking central government leaders were simply clueless about these things, I was surprised to see how much they seem to be aware of. But one thing that struck me while researching this story was that, in spite of China's inhospitable stance on religion, these things tend to be tolerated even more here than they would be in the West at the local level. And the document seems to tacitly acknowledge that. It says, "If serious problems arise because responsibilities were not performed or work is not properly done, you shall seriously investigate and look into the matters and call to account the responsible members and relevant leaders." The whole document repeatedly admonishes administrators to get off their butts and actively fight off foreign missionaries. The language was very similar to the routine pleas for corrupt officials to get clean. This, I think, is because this issue, like corruption, has a rather large gulf between central government goals and local cadre interests. And it may actually involve corruption. The way many of these missionary teachers work is through larger organizations or churches based overseas. Working with donations, they take salaries from the schools that are a fraction of what independent teachers would be paid. In addition, they'll sometimes donate teaching materials, student scholarships and outright cash aid to schools. Two sources I spoke with reported that one organization they know of even sponsors trips to the US for high university and local education officials. The organization wouldn't confirm or deny this. Then miraculously, when students or other teachers complain about proselytism to lower administrators, there doesn't tend to be much action. Whatever vague national threats these "infiltrators" present are subservient to more tangible local interests. Going beyond just the issue of evangelism though, the document also basically proved something I've started to realize in recent months, but have had a hard time fully accepting. It's that the idea of "the US-led Western countries" conspiring to use things like religion to "infiltrate" China so they can "westernize and divide it" isn't just jingoistic propaganda used for political ends. This is something that A LOT of people in China's government seem to actually believe. This document was issued by the United Front Department (a branch of the powerful Central Committee) and given only to senior officials. They were then to communicate it orally to their subordinates in order to hedge against the document being leaked. In other words, this wasn't propaganda intended for the masses. It was an internal Party memo. That the same jingoistic language you'd see in Global Times was used here shows that the Party actually believes its conspiratorial fear-mongering, and that's kind of scary.   |
| Ministry of Truth: The “Almighty God Cult” Posted: 19 Dec 2012 04:32 PM PST  "Only Almighty God can save humanity." The following example of censorship instructions, issued to the media and/or Internet companies by various central (and sometimes local) government authorities, has been leaked and distributed online. Chinese journalists and bloggers often refer to those instructions as "Directives from the Ministry of Truth." CDT has collected the selections we translate here from a variety of sources and has checked them against official Chinese media reports to confirm their implementation. Since directives are sometimes communicated orally to journalists and editors, who then leak them online, the wording published here may not be exact. The original publication date is noted after the directives; the date given may indicate when the directive was leaked, rather than when it was issued. CDT does its utmost to verify dates and wording, but also takes precautions to protect the source.
© Anne.Henochowicz for China Digital Times (CDT), 2012. | Permalink | No comment | Add to del.icio.us  |
| Photo: Winter Ginger, by Mark Hobbs Posted: 19 Dec 2012 03:52 PM PST  Winter Ginger © Samuel Wade for China Digital Times (CDT), 2012. | Permalink | No comment | Add to del.icio.us  |
| How to Fight China’s Corruption Cancer Posted: 19 Dec 2012 02:47 PM PST An editorial at Caixin welcomes Beijing's new emphasis on battling corruption, but argues that these efforts are doomed without effective rule of law.
© Samuel Wade for China Digital Times (CDT), 2012. | Permalink | No comment | Add to del.icio.us  |
| The Song of Song: Death of a Revolutionary Posted: 19 Dec 2012 02:41 PM PST In a Christmas special at The Economist, Gady Epstein explores China's brush with democracy a hundred years ago, and the single shot that may have ended it.
See more from The Economist's special double issue at Economist.com. © Samuel Wade for China Digital Times (CDT), 2012. | Permalink | No comment | Add to del.icio.us  |
| Man attacks women on subway for love failure Posted: 19 Dec 2012 06:28 AM PST Because of relationship problems with his girlfriend, a man in Beijing sought revenge on society by cutting innocent women's faces on the subway. A photo taken by a witnesses showing the blood stain on the floor of the Beijing subway train has gone rampant on the Internet, and sparked off outrage among netizens. It was said, several young women have been attacked by the man right before the train stopped. And the offender quickly fled away, before the victims realized and attempted to catch him. The man was finally arrested on December 13 by local police. The 25-year-old suspect, surnamed Hu, is a unemployed Beijing local. His motive behind the crimes was due to his emotional frustration for his love problems, according to local police. |
| Gross! Student spots condom in food at school canteen Posted: 19 Dec 2012 05:29 AM PST Recently, a college student from Beijing took the surprise of his life to discover a cooked condom in his rice when eating at the school's canteen. The condom had been removed from the wrapping but it was not clear whether it had been used or not. The sad fact is having bugs mixed in the food happened often, especially in the fast food restaurants. But what to explain the condom? Interestingly, when the angry student went to confront the cook, the cook calmly replied, "Haven't you seen it before? That's the sausage's casing." Source: May Daily |
| Word of the Week: National Treasure Posted: 19 Dec 2012 12:29 PM PST Editor's Note: The Word of the Week comes from China Digital Space's Grass-Mud Horse Lexicon, a glossary of terms created by Chinese netizens and frequently encountered in online political discussions. These are the words of China's online "resistance discourse," used to mock and subvert the official language around censorship and political correctness.
国宝 (guóbǎo): national treasure In online political discourse, "national treasure" is a code word for the homonym 国保, is an abbreviation for the Domestic Security Department (国内安全保卫支队, DSD). The DSD is a branch of the police force within the Ministry of Public Security specializing in intelligence, infiltration, and dealing with political dissidents, human rights activists, petitioners, religious groups, as well as "subversive" activities in the cultural, educational, and economic domains. It is a massive, secretive, and omnipotent security apparatus within the giant police machine of the P.R.C. Sometimes "panda" (熊猫 xióngmāo) is used as a code word for the DSD, since the panda is China's national treasure. © Anne.Henochowicz for China Digital Times (CDT), 2012. | Permalink | No comment | Add to del.icio.us  |
| The Real Danger in China’s Mines Posted: 19 Dec 2012 12:09 PM PST Along with the high accident rate in coal mine operation, the hidden danger of lung-related disease is making coal mining in China a deadly profession. From C. Custer, L. Li and Jonathan Silin at 2non:
See also Black Lungs: Hidden Tolls of Coal Mining, via CDT. © Mengyu Dong for China Digital Times (CDT), 2012. | Permalink | No comment | Add to del.icio.us  |
| Ministry of Truth: Economics and Affairs Posted: 19 Dec 2012 11:59 AM PST  Central Compilation and Translation Bureau Director Yi Junqing may have had an extramarital affair, according to an online account. The following examples of censorship instructions, issued to the media and/or Internet companies by various central (and sometimes local) government authorities, have been leaked and distributed online. Chinese journalists and bloggers often refer to those instructions as "Directives from the Ministry of Truth." CDT has collected the selections we translate here from a variety of sources and has checked them against official Chinese media reports to confirm their implementation. Since directives are sometimes communicated orally to journalists and editors, who then leak them online, the wording published here may not be exact. The original publication date is noted after the directives; the date given may indicate when the directive was leaked, rather than when it was issued. CDT does its utmost to verify dates and wording, but also takes precautions to protect the source.
Chang Yan, a postdoctoral scholar, recently published a "documentary fiction" detailing the minutiae of her supposed year-and-a-half affair with Central Compilation and Translation Bureau Director Yi Junqing [zh], down to their extensive text message exchanges. © Anne.Henochowicz for China Digital Times (CDT), 2012. | Permalink | No comment | Add to del.icio.us  |
| China:10 Best Weibo Stories of 2012 Posted: 19 Dec 2012 07:54 AM PST The Chinese internet is a fascinating place. Stories break online everyday. Despite the strong censorship, Chinese internet users are able to keep their sense of humor(and the censors at bay) by creating different buzzwords and memes. As the year comes to an end, TeaLeafNation has collected the 10 most funny and smart stories of 2012 on Chinese internet. Written by Abby · comments (0) |
| Ministry of Truth: Less Bad Reporting on Liquor Posted: 19 Dec 2012 09:21 AM PST The following example of censorship instructions, issued to the media and/or Internet companies by various central (and sometimes local) government authorities, has been leaked and distributed online. Chinese journalists and bloggers often refer to those instructions as "Directives from the Ministry of Truth." CDT has collected the selections we translate here from a variety of sources and has checked them against official Chinese media reports to confirm their implementation. Since directives are sometimes communicated orally to journalists and editors, who then leak them online, the wording published here may not be exact. The original publication date is noted after the directives; the date given may indicate when the directive was leaked, rather than when it was issued. CDT does its utmost to verify dates and wording, but also takes precautions to protect the source.
Baijiu is a grain alcohol typically distilled from sorghum. This directive most likely refers to the recent news that industrial plasticizers were found in Kweichow Moutai brand baijiu. The state-owned company's stock rose 1.8% on December 11 after publicly stating that its product meets government standards, but then fell again after Peking University professor Li Tongji claimed at a Moutai press conference that the human body has ways of "detoxing." © Anne.Henochowicz for China Digital Times (CDT), 2012. | Permalink | No comment | Add to del.icio.us  |
| Censorship Vault: Say No to “True Story of Foxconn Coming to Shenzhen” Posted: 19 Dec 2012 07:57 AM PST In partnership with the China Copyright and Media blog, CDT is adding the "Beijing Internet Instructions" series to the Censorship Vault. These directives were originally published on Canyu.org (Participate) and date from 2005 to 2007. According to Canyu, the directives were issued by the Beijing Municipal Network Propaganda Management Office and the State Council Internet management departments and provided to to Canyu by insiders. China Copyright and Media has not verified the source. The translations are by Rogier Creemers of China Copyright and Media.
These translated directives were first posted by Rogier Creemers on China Copyright and Media on December 19, 2012 (here). This post is the 42nd in the series. © Anne.Henochowicz for China Digital Times (CDT), 2012. | Permalink | No comment | Add to del.icio.us  |
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